Until now, I posted things about many countries' beauty in Africa. First time, I posted Ethiopia's nature makeup and in second time, I investigated Zambia people's daily necessity, the wig. Through those postings, I knew that two country's viewpoints about beauty are very different. Ethiopia tribes have pride about their culture and nature, so they don't compromise with the civilization and stick to their old customs. While Zambia peopl have broad-mindedness about civilization, so they usually use the wig in Korea. 

  In third time, I posted other country's different viewpoint of beauty. It is about Kenya tribe's beauty. Kenya's one of the many tribes, The Masai Mara have remained their traditional lifestyles - living like their ancestors have been doing for thousands of years. They have respected their customs and traditions like Ethiopia tribe hadve done. This trait is different to Zambia people's trait. Meanwhile Kenya's tribe The Masai Mara are recognized by their bright red clothing and beaded jewelry. They emphasize colorful and brilliant accessory. 

  Ethiopia, Zambia, and Kenya are all located in Africa, but they all have different beauty styles. It's very amazing and interesting. Through these postings, I learned relativity of cultures and various viewpoints of beauty. Today, I will finish this big run of Africa beauty, through posting Fulani's beauty. Fulani are spreaded in many Africa countires. They don't have their own inherent country. But they have beauty tradition, LIP TATTOO and GUEREOL FESTIVAL. Their viewpoint of beauty has deplorableness and I feel sad so much. Through this last posting, I want you to feel sadness that I have feeled. Then let's go!


About Mali

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  Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is bordered by Algeria to the north, Niger to the east, Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire to the south, Guinea to the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania to the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 square kilometres with a population of 14.5 million. Its capital is Bamako.

   Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Sénégal rivers. The country's economic structure centers on agriculture and fishing. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt. About half the population lives below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.

  Mali's population encompasses a number of sub-Saharan ethnic groups. The Bambara are by far the largest single ethnic group, making up 36.5% of the population. About 80% of Mali's population can communicate in Bambara, which is the country's principal lingua franca. Mali's official language is French, but numerous African languages also are widely used by the various ethnic groups. Collectively, the Bambara, Soninké, Khassonké, and Malinké, all part of the broader Mandé group, constitute 50% of Mali's population. Other significant groups are the Fula(17%), Voltaic (12%), Songhai (6%), and Tuareg and Moor (10%). Over the past 40 years, persistent drought has forced many Tuareg to give up their nomadic way of life.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali



About Fulani

  Fula people or Fulani or Fulbe are the largest Migratory ethnic group in the world. They are among the "Super" ethnic groups of Africa with members numbering 30 Million and Above, alongside the Hausa, Yoruba, Oromo and Igbo. They are an ethnic group spread over many countries, predominantly in West Africa and Northern parts of Central Africa, but also in Sudanese North Africa. Overall, the territory and range of where Fulani people can be found, is significantly larger than the United states and Western Europe in area. Being one of the most widely dispersed and culturally most diverse people of the African continent, Fulani culture comes in a myriad of different expressions in clothing, Music, and lifestyle.  In order to survive in poor soil, they have to do a lot of things. But they don't miss  taking care of their appearance. Fulani have pride in their appearance, and they don't be lazy to adorn their face and body.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_people
http://www.pdjournal.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=30146
  

Fula Women's Lip Tattoo

Even if you die now to be beautiful, it is a proud thing.
  To the Fulani, 'Pure tooth' is the first condition of beauty. So when women become 15 years old, they tattoo gums, lips, and chins darkly to emphasize their white tooth. To those, tattoos are a symbol of beauty and courage. By enduring the pains that dig the tender flesh in silence, Fulani women reborn to overcome the trials.

To create Fulani women's aesthetic symbol, black lips
  The people who make the black lips are young women. Fulani women who originally have red lips use ashes and needles to make their lips black. After applying black ashes enough to cover the entire lips, tattooist beat around the mouth using the needles-enclosed tool. Because needle punched through the lips and mouth, blood flow through the skin, but young women never cry. It is thought that crying or tossing during a tattoo isn't honorable.
http://cafe.naver.com/clinicwiz/3841
http://dahamida.blog.me/10118711292
http://www.pdjournal.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=30146
http://news.kukinews.com/article/view.asp?page=1&gCode=ent&arcid=1294158636&cp=nv
  

Fula Men's Guereol Festival

  Wishing to get "beauty" don't limited only for women. Fula men also show amazing interest in beauty. They have many decorating tools like perfumes, eye-liners, and mirrors. Fula men participate the beauty contest "Guereol". First they put on heavy makeup and adorn themselves, and then dance intensely. When they dance, they also turn up the whites of their eyes and smile on the grin. Because man who has more bright eyes and tooth is thought to be the most beautiful person.
http://www.pdjournal.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=30146
http://peripanu.blog.me/40152334081
http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=106&oid=076&aid=0002065929
  

Video

 The video clip is about Mali tribe, Fluani's beauty. If you want to know more about 'the Fluani's lip tattoo and Guereol festival, play the video. (00:50:30~00:57:30)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-LPhEPcZPA
  
 
 The other day, I posted Ethiopia's nature makeup and Zambia people's daily necessity, the wig. This two country's viewpoints about beauty are very different. In Ethiopia, tribes have pride about their cultures, especially their nature makeup. So they don't compromise with the civilization and stick to their old customs. In the other hand, Zambia people don't have repulsion about civilization. They usually use the wig made in Korea. Like this, their beauty viewpoints are very disparate. This time, I will also post different country's different viewpoint of beauty. Kenya's one of the many tribes, The Masai Mara have remained their traditional lifestyles - living like their ancestors have been doing for thousands of years. This thing is similar to Ethiopia, and different to Zambia. And Kenya's tribe The Masai Mara are recognized by their bright red clothing and beaded jewelry. This thing is different to other two countries. Ethiopia, Zambia, and Kenya are all located in Africa, but they all have different beauty styles. It's very amazing and interesting. Today, we'll gonna inquire Kenya tribe The Masai Masa's accessory more deeply. Let's go!

About Kenya

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  Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a sovereign state in Africa. Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. Kenya lies on the equator with the Indian Ocean to the south-east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya covers 581,309 km2 and has a population of about 44 million in July 2012. The country is named after Mount Kenya, the second highest mountain in Africa.


  The country has a warm and humid climate along its Indian Ocean coastline, with wildlife-rich savannah grasslands inland towards the capital. Nairobi has a cool climate that gets colder approaching Mount Kenya, which has three permanently snow-capped peaks. Further inland there is a warm and humid climate around Lake Victoria, and temperate forested and hilly areas in the western region. The northeastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Lake Victoria, the world's second largest fresh-water lake and the world's largest tropical lake, is situated to the southwest and is shared with Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya is famous for its safaris and diverse wildlife reserves and national parks such as the East and West Tsavo National Park, the Masai Mara, Lake Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park. There are several world heritage sites such as Lamu, and world renowned beaches such as Kilifi where international yachting competitions are held each year.

   The capital, Nairobi, is a regional commercial hub. The economy of Kenya is the largest by GDP in East and Central Africa. Agriculture is a major employer and the country traditionally exports tea and coffee, and more recently fresh flowers to Europe. The service industry is a major economic driver. Kenya is a member of the East African Community. Compared with other African countries, Kenya enjoys relatively high political and social stability.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya 
http://search.naver.com/search.naver?sm=tab_hty.top&where=nexearch&ie=utf8&query=%EC%BC%80%EB%83%90&x=0&y=0
http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=1149697&cid=200000000&categoryId=200004393
   

About The Masai Mara

  The Masai - also spelled Maasai - are with distance Africa's most famous tribe. Unlike most other Kenyan tribes they, together with the Turkana and Samburu (who are closely related to the Maasai) have remained their traditional lifestyles - living like their ancestors have been doing for thousands of years. This is contrary to most other Kenyan tribes, who have adapted more western life styles.

  If you've ever watched any documentaries on the people of Africa, it's almost guaranteed that you have seen the this tribe with their great warrior tradition. These tribal people who live in the grasslands between Kenya and Tanzania are a popular topic and a favourite among travellers. They are recognized by their bright red clothing and beaded jewelry. Their jumping dances are famous. Through their dances and songs, the warriors show off their strength.

  The Masai people are very independent and their society revolves around each generation of men becoming warriors. Their customs are very specific, and involve many "coming of age" rituals, that include both the men and the women. The men protect the villages and the cattle, whereas the women build the houses, cook and maintain the households. The roles of the sexes are pretty balanced.

Living Like Their Ancestors

The history of the Maasai stretches back hundreds of years, and today they are living much the same way as they always have. Their herds of cattle are the most important thing they own, which is why they need so much land. They are nomadic people, who travel with their herds to find pasture. The Masai live almost exclusively off their cattle, eating meat, milk and even the blood of their cows. Agriculture and crop growing isn't normally part of their way of life, but is becoming necessary as their territory shrinks.

The Warrior Tradition

  Warriors are of crucial importance. Each Maasai man goes through the warrior stage: a period in their life between boyhood and becoming tribe elders. The duty of a warrior is protecting the village and their cattle, while the women do most household and farming work.

  They can only become a warrior through several rituals, including being circumsized and living apart of their families for many years. Only then can they have their own family. Warriors prove their strength through killing a lion with only a spear.

http://www.kenya-advisor.com/masai.html
  

The Masai Mara's Accessory

  The Masai Mara in Kenya is known all over the world for its wildlife and stunning wilderness. Travelers to this breathtaking region are also struck by its native inhabitants, the semi-nomadic Masai people. They have a proud, distinctive culture and are a key part of the landscape in this part of Africa, which they have called home for centuries.

  It’s estimated that approximately 1 million Masai live in Kenya and Tanzania across an area of approximately 160,000 km sq. There are 16 different groups who identify as Masai. The Masai are strongly interconnected with the animals around them; they are cattle and goat herders, eating and trading their produce and using dried-out cattle dung as building material. Traditions and ceremonies are integral to life in Masai culture – most famously, Masai warrior-youth take part in an activity where they jump high into the air, a display of strength and agility – an exhilarating sight for outsiders to witness. 

Unfortunately, Tanzanian and Kenyan governments both seem keen to encourage the Masai to abandon their way of life and adopt modern ways of living, however their traditions are being defended by charity Oxfam, which argues that their ability to farm in deserts and scrublands will be vital knowledge in the face of climate change, and that their ways of life should be encouraged and learned from. The Masai people are open to sharing their knowledge and skills, with many tribes and villages opening their doors to western visitors and safari travelers. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maasai_people
http://theplanetd.com/kenya-photos-a-visual-journey/
http://www.intrepidtravel.com/kenya/masai-heartlands-53807/itinerary
http://www.aandbctheworld.com/2013/01/the-people-of-masai-mara.html
   

Video

  The video clip is about Kenya tribe, the Masai Masa's beauty. If you want to know more about 'the Masai Masa's daily accesary and the their culture, play the video.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osfJVrM7dVI


 
  The last time, I posted things about Ethiopia's nature makeup. Ethiopia's nature makeup is the makeup that harmonized with the nature and the beauty. Ethiopia's tribes don't compromise with the civilization and stick to their old customs. In contrast, Zambia people compromise with the civilization very well. They use the wig made in Korea to glamorize their appearance. In their life, the wig is daily necessity. This fact is very interesting to me! Both Ethiopia and Zambia are located in Africa, but their viewpoints about beauty are very different. Isn't it interesting? Then, let's go to explore wig used in Zambia~

About Zambia

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  Zambia, officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in southern Africa. The neighboring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of the country. The population is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the northwest.

  Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples, the region which comprises modern Zambia was colonised during the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. After visits by European explorers in the eighteenth century, Zambia became the British protectorate of Northern Rhodesia towards the end of the nineteenth century. For most of the colonial period, the country was governed by an administration appointed from London with the advice of the British South Africa Company.

  The climate of Zambia is tropical modified by elevation. In the Köppen climate classification, most of the country is classified as humid subtropical or tropical wet and dry, with small stretches of semi-arid steppe climate in the south-west and along the Zambezi valley. There are two main seasons, the rainy season (November to April) corresponding to summer, and the dry season (May/June to October/November), corresponding to winter. The dry season is subdivided into the cool dry season (May/June to August), and the hot dry season (September to October/November). The modifying influence of altitude gives the country pleasant subtropical weather rather than tropical conditions during the cool season of May to August. However, average monthly temperatures remain above 20 °C (68 °F) over most of the country for eight or more months of the year.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia
http://search.naver.com/search.naver sm=tab_hty.top&where=nexearch&ie=utf8&query=%EC%9E%A0%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84&x=0&y=0
  
The Wig is Zambian's Daily Necessity!

"Do you know why do the Zambians use a wig?" 
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  All the people in Zambia have curly hair. If they leave their hair as it is, hair is curled round and round. Even in severe case, it digs into the scalp and makes them pain. Since the hair is thin, if they try to stretch their hair, their hair may be cut off. So they always cut their hair short and knit the wig there. The wig acts to bring out the hair ingrowing the scalp. The wig has a meaning more than just a sense of decoration.



"Do you know why do the Zambians buy so many wigs? Is it ture to them to put on wigs changing every day?" 
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  Wig can be divided into two types, Weaving attached to the hair and One-piece Wig put on and taken off like hat. Percentage of the One-piece Wig is not even about 1%. Typically, businesswomen quite will change the Weaving about every two weeks. When you wear a Weaving wig once, you can't wash your head. Weaving wig will come untangled when they wash their head because they attach knit one by one of the wig to their original hair. But it smells bad to use a Weaving wig long. Therefore, the wig must be changed. Wig is a key commodity for the people here.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxP19AL9Xdw&list=PLE71LmDChJXUuuknmqKjoTzQwCxK1q_4b
http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=104&oid=086&aid=0002170645
   

Video

The video clip is about Zambian's beauty. If you want to know more about 'Zambian's daily necessity, the wig' and the their culture, play the video.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxP19AL9Xdw&list=PLE71LmDChJXUuuknmqKjoTzQwCxK1q_4b&feature=player_detailpage
  

 
Hi, welcome to my blog page!  As I mentioned earlier, I will post various Africa countries' beauty. First of all, l post Ethiopia tribe's unique make-up. It is 'nature make-up'. If you are not African, you may think that make-up is very strange. But that make-up is also just a kind of make-up, like Burgundy make-up, Smoky make-up, etc. Please don't be prejudiced. Then, let's go to explore Ethiopia and their make-up.

About Ethiopia

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Ethiopia, officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. With over 91,000,000 inhabitants, Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populated nation on the African continent. It occupies a total area of 1,100,000 square kilometres (420,000 sq mi), and its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa.


Ethiopia is a multilingual society with around 80 ethnic groups, with the two largest being the Oromo and the Amhara. The origin of the coffee bean, Ethiopia is a land of natural contrasts; with its vast fertile West, jungles & numerous rivers, the World's hottest settlement in its north, Africa's largest continuous mountain ranges and the largest cave in Africa at Sof Omar. 

The majority of the population is Christian and a third is Muslim; the country is the site of the first Hijra in Islamic history and the oldest Muslim settlement in Africa at Negash. A substantial population of Ethiopian Jews, known as Beta Israel, resided in Ethiopia until the 1980s but most of them have since gradually emigrated to Israel. Ethiopia is also the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari movement, which globalized its flag colors worldwide via pop culture and Reggae music.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia
   

Nature Make-up

That pictures are women who are living in Omo Valley, Ethiopia. It, taken by photographer Hans Sylvester, is published in the international media topic "natural fashion : African tribe's ornamentation".

He succeeded to visit combat areas 12 times and take pictures of dressed tribesmen.

Fruits, leaves, tree branches, roots and flowers, and so on... you can take all of that to the clothing. Because there is volcanic zone, tribals can readily find natural dyes and apply that in the face with your fingers or a simple brush.

According to the authors, men, women, and teens in the tribes should adorn themselves for no apparent reason. That adorn is not for show, but just for self-sufficiency.

Pictures cause aesthetic reflection. what is beauty? Are the civilized women who use expensive, and colorful cosmetics just beauriful? Are the metrosexual who take care of the skin and are finely dressed in expensive clothes just beautiful?

The works of Hans Sylvester remind the obvious fact that beauty is relative.

http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=104&oid=105&aid=0000008217
   

Video

The video clip is about Ethiopia tribe's beauty. If you want to know more about 'nature make-up' and the tribe's culture, play the video.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NP3i_vuWHYkI